Bear Know – Polar Bears in the scientific name “Ursus maritimus”. Polar bears are large mammals in the rules of biology Ursidae family clan. He included Circumpolar species contained in the earth around the continent’s most northern (Arctic) and includes most carnivorous bear among other bear family. Polar bears are sometimes also classified as marine mammals.
Male polar bears typically weigh 400-600 pounds can include more than 800 kg weight with a high of more than 2.5 meters. Naturalife Greenworld female polar bear weight, half the weight of a male bear weighing between 200-300 kg and a height of about 2 meters. Polar bears have a very keen sense of smell. They can smell the dead whale or seal from a distance of 20 miles.
Polar bears are a great swimmer, he could swim as far as 60 miles without stopping. They used to swim front leg and rear leg as a rudder. With the eyes and nostrils are open, they can dive well and be able to survive two minutes in the water. When stepped onto land, they will flick her body until the water does not stick in fur. Polar bear claws on the feet help them to not slip on ice. Oil glands in the skin can lubricate their feathers well be water resistant and made her body remained dry during the swim.
In the summer in the Arctic bears thick fur began to fall to keep the body temperature remains stable.

Habitat
Polar bears live individually. However, female polar bears will live in groups to protect each other when they are pregnant and at will in search of food. The females usually live along the Arctic coast, while the male bear to stay on top of chunks – chunks of ice and floating – floating in the sea about 180 miles away from the beach.
Polar Bear is essentially an active animal and not at all afraid of human presence.
Food
Polar bears are the main food of fish and seals. They are patient when hunting animals, waiting at prey and will dive for hours – hours to reach the target. Strength paralyze its prey is in sharp bear claws and a powerful blow from his paw.
Polar bears prey on all the body’s seal. In the late summer or early autumn, polar bears along the coast to find the carcasses of stranded whales or walruses.
An adult polar bear fat requires the assumption of 2kg per day to survive at a temperature of the cold. A dog weighing 55kg sea to meet the reserve food for polar bears to survive for 8 days.
How adaptation
Polar bears have white hair and soft. Polar bear hair is clear, colorless alias. Unpigmented, colorless. The white color is seen by our eyes are just the reflection from the environment (snow) white.
Polar bears have clear hair is useful for camouflage, with no hair colored polar bears, the absorption of solar radiation is extremely small in polar regions become very efficient. With hair that is colorless, polar bear hair fiber optic into nature, which means that solar radiation will be forwarded directly to the skin so it is easily absorbed by the skin. Instead of wearing transparent clothing, the skin will be equal to wear not a cover.
And it turns out, the skin of polar bears have also been designed perfectly. Stored under the skin of brown fat layer with a thickness of ± 10 cm. This dark-colored fat that will capture more radiation than the fat that is generally white or yellow, and then radiation is stored to be converted into energy (heat) by a polar bear the body’s metabolism.
As the principle of black body, dark-colored objects will absorb more radiation than light-colored objects. In physics, white or bright color is a mixture of all colors (mejikuhibiniu). So when the emitted light rays to the object, then the beam will be transmitted or reflected. This is because the white color, there are all suitable wavelength (mejikuhibiniu color wavelength) of light emitted. So all these wavelengths will be transmitted or reflected. While the black body, light emitted will be absorbed properly because none of the wavelengths that are drawn match with the color black because black really has no long-wave because it does not include the color composition.
So the combination of a clear hair color and brown color which is very beneficial fat polar bears. Hair that nodes will forward the radiation emitted by the sun into the skin, and brown fat located just under the skin will absorb the radiation which passed perfectly.
Hair Structure polar bears have also been designed completely by the Architect of this nature. When examined further, it turns out polar bear hair is composed of two structures. Distal hair was coarse, stiff, and oily. While the proximal hair softer, meeting (growing solid), and branching. Can be described like a feather on the bird, which the more proximal part coarse fur, stiff, and regularly, while more distal branched hairs, and supple, soft.
This structure is advantageous polar bears. Distal part of hair that stiff, coarse, and oily protect polar bears from the snow and help drying your hair immediately after swimming. While the proximal part of the branched, flexible, and meetings to help bear the possibility of exchanging heat with the extreme environments (-200C in winter).
In the winter, bears will minimize energy expenditure in a way that the public is called hibernation. In addition, polar bears will also warm the body with ‘sleeping’ with food supplies that had been prepared near the ‘bed’ when they pre winter. It is very necessary because although during the winter bear minimize energy loss, but also the energy supply must remain in place. Body energy during the winter actually allocated only to warm the body and maintain physiology. In addition, the structure of the skin which is then coated with brown fat is also very likely to protect polar bears from loss of heat because apart are insulators, brown fat is also an insulator.
While in summer, bears will cool the body by swimming in water where the temperature is very cold (-4oC). However, here there is stringent protection mechanisms that have been arranged by the owner of Life. As described previously, the distal part of the growing hair tightly and finely branched to avoid direct contact between the skin with water. As a result, very cold water temperature is not directly on the skin. In addition, with the hair structure in such a way, water does not easily wet hair so that the distal part of the distal water on your hair and not a little restrained air trapped between them. As a result, bears can use a buoy floating like a natural. However, if air is trapped on the sidelines of the hair is able to withstand the weight of a bear that can reach 1 ton? The answer is no. To hold the weight of the body while swimming, brown fat again help polar bears. These fats help polar bears floating in the water because of its thickness reaches 10 cm under the skin. So, as the principle of oil and water, because fat has a smaller specific gravity than water, then the fat will make a polar bear floating.
Besides being a powerful land animal, polar bears is also a formidable aquatic animals. He has a remarkable respiratory system and is a proficient diver. Polar bears can dive to a depth of 50 meters. One of the mechanisms is by fat thick and bushy hair. Polar bears do not always look white, sometimes he will look yellow and even green. Green polar bear ever found in a zoo who turned out after examination, the polar bear hair is overgrown with green algae.
Mating and reproductive season
Spring is when polar bears looking for a partner. The highest activity usually occurs around April. Male polar bears looking for a female polar bear. Female polar bears usually give birth once every three years after parting with their children.
In October and November, polar bears dig burrows in the snow or tundra.burrow is usually located on a slope facing south, winds from the north causing a huge mound of snow.burrow used for female polar bears give birth. Polar bears typically gave birth to twins. Usually numbered 2.

During pregnancy, the mother bear will dig a nest in a pile of snow and even sleep all winter in the nest until the baby – a baby bear was born. However, the mother bear did not feel dehydrated or short of food to feed a baby – a baby bear who has been born. The baby – the baby will live in the nest for approximately 28 months. The new baby polar bear born only for rats. Baby polar bear born in November or December with a weight of about 0.4 to 0.9 kilograms. At birth, the baby polar bear is not hairless, blind, and deaf. These babies will come out of the burrow for the first time in March or April. They will still live with their mothers for 28 months to learn how to survive. It has no fur, blind, and weak at all. A female Polar bears mammals proved to be a parent greatest devotion in terms of keeping the child – their child.